1. Umqondo kanye Nesimiso Esiyisisekelo
I-Weight-In-Motion (WIM) ubuchwepheshe obulinganisa isisindo semoto ngenkathi ihamba. Ngokungafani nezindlela zendabuko zokulinganisa, ayidingi ukuthi izimoto zime esikalini. Esikhundleni salokho, uhlelo luqoqa idatha njengoba izimoto zidlula phezu kwamaseli omthwalo afakwe emigwaqweni, emabhulohweni, noma emizileni yesitimela.
Lawa maseli omthwalo athola ingcindezi noma amandla adalwe amathayi emoto. Amasignali abe eseguqulwa abe idatha kagesi bese ecutshungulwa ukuze kubalwe umthwalo we-axle, isisindo semoto iyonke, kanye nezinye izilinganiso ezihlobene nokunyakaza. Imiphumela ithunyelwa ohlelweni oluphakathi ukuze kuqashwe futhi kuhlaziywe.
Inani eliyinhloko le-WIM ukuthi ishintsha ukulinganiswa kwesisindo kusuka enqubweni engaguquki iye kweqhubekayo neyangempela. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuhamba kwethrafikhi futhi kunciphisa ukubambezeleka ezindaweni zokuhlola.
2. Isizinda Sentuthuko
Umqondo wokulinganisa isisindo semoto esihambayo waqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, lapho abacwaningi bezama ukulinganisa isisindo besebenzisa amandla ashukumisayo akhiqizwa yizimoto ezihambayo. Le mizamo yokuqala yayivame ukuvivinywa futhi yayilinganiselwe ekunembeni.
Intuthuko enkulu yenzeke ngawo-1970 lapho kuthuthukiswa uhlelo lokuqala lwe-WIM olusebenzayo eNetherlands. Lokhu kwaba ukuqala kwezicelo zomhlaba wangempela, ikakhulukazi ekuqapheni nasekuphoqeleleni ithrafikhi yomgwaqo.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bamaseli omthwalo, ukucubungula idatha, kanye nokuxhumana kwedijithali kwavumela izinhlelo ze-WIM ukuba zinembe futhi zithembeke kakhudlwana. Izinhlelo zesimanje manje zingahlanganisa amakhamera namathuluzi esofthiwe ukusekela ukuhlaziywa kwethrafikhi, ukuhlonza izimoto, kanye nokutholwa komthwalo osindayo.
3. Inqubo Yokusebenza Nezinhlobo Zesistimu
Izinhlelo ze-WIM zisebenza ngokuthola amandla asetshenziswa yimoto ehambayo ebusweni bomgwaqo. La mandla abanjwa yizinhlobo ezahlukene zamaseli omthwalo, aguqulwe abe amasignali kagesi, futhi acutshungulwe kusetshenziswa amamodeli ezibalo ukuze kulinganiswe isisindo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lungaqopha ulwazi olwengeziwe njengesivinini semoto, inani lama-axle, isikhala se-axle, kanye nesikhathi sokudlula. Lolu lwazi ludluliselwa esikhungweni sokulawula ukuze lusetshenziswe kabanzi ekuphathweni kwethrafikhi noma ekuphoqeleleni umthetho.
Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinhlelo ze-WIM:
a. I-WIM enesivinini esiphansi isebenza ezindaweni ezilawulwayo lapho izimoto zihamba kancane, okuthuthukisa ukunemba.
b. I-WIM enesivinini esikhulu isebenza ngokugeleza kwethrafikhi okuvamile futhi ivumela ukuqapha okuqhubekayo, yize ukunemba kwayo kuphansi kancane ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwezimoto.
c. I-WIM esekelwe ebhulohweni isebenzisa ubunzima besakhiwo esivela emabhulohweni ukuze ilinganise isisindo futhi ingasekela nokuqapha impilo yamabhuloho.
d. I-WIM engaphakathi ifakwa ngqo ezimotweni futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa kwezokuthutha ukulandelela izimo zomthwalo ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa.
4. Izicelo kanye Nezinzuzo
I-WIM isetshenziswa kabanzi kwezokuthutha, ezokuthutha, ezokugcinwa komthetho, ezezitimela, ezokumbiwa phansi kanye nezolimo. Kwezokuthutha kanye nezokuthutha, isiza ekutholeni izimoto ezigcwele ngokweqile futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha. Ekuphoqeleleni, ivumela iziphathimandla ukuthi zithole ukwephulwa komthetho ngaphandle kokumisa yonke imoto, okusindisa isikhathi kanye nabasebenzi.
Ekuphathweni kwengqalasizinda, idatha ye-WIM isetshenziselwa ukutadisha umthelela wezimoto ezisindayo emigwaqweni nasemabhulohweni. Lokhu kusiza ekuhleleni ukulungiswa nokuqinisa izakhiwo lapho kudingeka khona. Ezitimeleni, kusiza ukuqapha imithwalo yesitimela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuguguleka ngokweqile kwemigwaqo. Ezimayini nakwezolimo, kusekela isisindo esisheshayo nesiqhubekayo sezimoto zokuthutha ezisindayo ezindaweni ezidinga kakhulu.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nesisindo sendabuko esingaguquki, i-WIM ithuthukisa ukuhamba kwethrafikhi, inikeza ulwazi lwesikhathi sangempela, inciphisa umsebenzi wezandla, futhi ithuthukisa ukuphepha ngokulawula ukulayisha ngokweqile.
5. Ukulinganiselwa kanye Nezinselele
Nakuba i-WIM iwusizo kakhulu, isenemikhawulo eminingana. Ukunemba kokulinganisa kungathinteka yizimo zangaphandle njengesivinini semoto, ikhwalithi yomgwaqo, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokudlidliza. Lezi zici zingabangela ukwehluka kwemiphumela, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni zesivinini esikhulu.
Enye inselele izindleko. Ukufaka izinhlelo ze-WIM kudinga amaseli okulayisha, amanethiwekhi okuxhumana, kanye nengqalasizinda yokucubungula idatha, okungabiza kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulungiswa nokulinganiswa njalo kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile, njengoba izindawo zangaphandle zingalimaza imishini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kukhona futhi imikhawulo ehlobene nezinhlobo zezimoto kanye nezimo zomthwalo. Imithwalo engajwayelekile noma izakhiwo zezimoto ezikhethekile zinganciphisa ukunemba. Okokugcina, ezinye izifunda zibhekene nezinkinga zomthetho, okuhlanganisa amazinga edatha, izinkinga zobumfihlo, kanye nesitifiketi sezomthetho sokusetshenziswa kokuphoqelela umthetho.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-30-2026