A iseli lokulayishaempeleni iyithuluzi eliguqula isignali enkulu ibe umkhiqizo kagesi olinganisekayo. Uma usebenzisaiseli lokulayisha, indawo yokusebenza yangempela ye-iseli lokulayisha kufanele kucatshangelwe kuqala, okuyinto ebalulekile ekukhetheni kahle kweiseli lokulayishaKuhlobene nokuthi ngabeiseli lokulayisha ingasebenza kahle, ukuphepha kwayo kanye nokuphila kwayo, ngisho nokuthembeka nokuphepha kwayo yonke into yokukala.
Umthelela wemvelo ku-iseli lokulayisha ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo:
(1) Indawo yokushisa okuphezulu ibangela izinkinga ezifana nokuncibilika kwezinto zokumboza, ukushisela okuvulekile kwamajoyinti e-solder, kanye nezinguquko zesakhiwo ekucindezelekeni kwangaphakathi kwe-elastomer.iseli lokulayishaukusebenza ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezuluiseli lokulayishaama-s avame ukusetshenziswa; ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kwengezwe amadivayisi anjengokucisha ukushisa, ukupholisa amanzi noma ukupholisa umoya.
(2) Ithonya lothuli nomswakama kumjikelezo omfushane we-iseli lokulayishaKulesi simo semvelo,iseli lokulayisha ngokuphezuluumoya-ukuqina kufanele kukhethwe. Okuhlukileiseli lokulayishabanezindlela ezahlukene zokuvala, futhiumoya-ukuqina kuhluke kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezivamile zifaka phakathi ukugcwalisa noma ukuvala i-sealant; ama-rubber pad afakwa futhi avalwe ngomshini; ukushisela (ukushisela i-argon arc, ukushisela i-plasma beam) kanye nezimpawu zokugcwalisa i-vacuum nitrogen.
Ngokombono womphumela wokuvala, ukuvala nge-welding kungcono kakhulu, kanti ukuvala nge-filling and coating sealant kungcono kakhulu.iseli lokulayishaezisebenza endaweni ehlanzekile neyomile yangaphakathi, ungakhetha i-glue-vallediseli lokulayisha, futhi kwabanyeiseli lokulayishaEzisebenza endaweni enomswakama nothuli, kufanele ukhethe isivalo sokushisa se-diaphragm noma isivalo sokushisela se-diaphragm, esimpompa i-Vacuum nitrogen egcweleiseli lokulayisha.
(3) Endaweni egqwala kakhulu, njengomswakama kanye ne-asidi, okuzolimaza i-elastomer noma kubangele umjikelezo omfushane, ubuso bangaphandle kufanele bufuthwe ngokweqile noma kufanele bufuthweembozwe ngeinsimbi engagqwali, enokumelana okuhle nokugqwala futhi enhleukuqina komoya.
(4) Ithonya lensimu kagesi kuloaiseli d isignali yokuphazamiseka kokukhipha. Kulokhu, ukuvikelwa kweloaiseli d kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela ukuze kubonakale ukuthi inokumelana okuhle kukagesi.
(5) Okuvuthayo nokuqhumayo akugcini nje ngokubangela umonakalo ophelele ku-iseli lokulayisha, kodwa futhi kuyingozi enkulu kwezinye izinto zokusebenza kanye nokuphepha komuntu siqu. Ngakho-ke,iseli lokulayishaUkusebenza ezindaweni ezivuthayo neziqhumayo kubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zokusebenza okuvimbela ukuqhuma: okuvimbela ukuqhumaiseli lokulayishakumele zikhethwe ezindaweni ezivuthayo neziqhumayo. Isembozo sokuvala salokhuiseli lokulayisha akufanele nje kuphela ucabangeleukuqina komoya, kodwa futhi Amandla okumelana nokuqhuma, kanye nezakhiwo zokungangeni manzi, ezingangeni umswakama kanye nezingangeni ukuqhuma zama-cable lead kufanele kucatshangelwe.
Okwesibili, ukukhethwa kwenombolo kanye nobubanzi beiseli lokulayishas.
Ukukhethwa kwenombolo yeiseli lokulayishaI-s inqunywa ngokwenhloso yethuluzi lokukala le-elekthronikhi kanye nenani lamaphuzu umzimba wesikali okudingeka uwasekele (inani lamaphuzu asekelayo kufanele linqunywe ngokwesimiso sokwenza isikhungo samandla adonsela phansi sejometri yomzimba wesikali sihambisane nesikhungo sangempela samandla adonsela phansi). Ngokuvamile, ezininganaiseli lokulayishaama-s asetshenziselwa umzimba wesikali onamaphuzu amaningana asekelayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye imizimba yesikali ekhethekile njengezikali ze-hook ze-elekthronikhi, eyodwa kuphelaiseli lokulayisha ingasetshenziswa. Kwabanyengogesi izikali ezihlanganisiwe, ukukhethwa kweiseli lokulayisha kufanele kunqunywe ngokwesimo sangempela. inombolo.
Ukukhethwa kweiseli lokulayisha ububanzi bunganqunywa ngokuya ngokuhlolwa okuphelele kwezici ezifana nenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokulinganisa lesikali, inani lalabo abakhethiweiseli lokulayishas, isisindo somzimba wesikali, umthwalo omkhulu ongavamile kanye nomthwalo oguqukayo. Ngokuvamile, ibanga eliseduze kakhuluiseli lokulayisha kumthwalo owabelwe ngamunyeiseli lokulayisha, isisindo sayo sizoba sinembile kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ekusetshenzisweni kwangempela, njengoba umthwalo usetshenziswa ku-iseli lokulayisha kufaka phakathi isisindo sakho, isisindo esijwayelekile, umthwalo ongavamile kanye nomthelela wokudlidliza kwesikali ngaphezu kwento okufanele ikalwe, izici eziningi kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho ukhethaiseli lokulayisha ububanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuthiiseli lokulayisha ukuphepha nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ifomula yokubala yeiseli lokulayisha ububanzi bunqunywa ngenani elikhulu lokuhlola ngemva kokucabangela ngokugcwele izici ezahlukahlukene ezithinta umzimba wesikali.
Ifomula imi kanje:
C=K-0K-1K-2K-3(Wmax+W)/N
C—ububanzi obulinganiselwe bomuntu oyedwaiseli lokulayisha; W—isisindo somzimba wesikali; i-Wmax—inani eliphakeme kakhulu lesisindo esiphelele sento esilinganiswayo; N—inani lamaphuzu okusekela asetshenziswa umzimba wesikali; K-0—isici somshuwalense, ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-1.2 no-1.3; K-1—i-coefficient yomthelela; K-2—i-coefficient yesilinganiso esiphakathi samandla adonsela phansi somzimba wesikali; K-3—i-coefficient yokucindezela komoya.
Isibonelo: isikali seloli kagesi esingu-30t, isisindo esiphezulu singama-30t, isisindo somzimba singama-1.9t, kusetshenziswa ezineiseli lokulayishas, ngokwesimo sangempela ngaleso sikhathi, khetha isici somshuwalense K-0=1.25, isici somthelela K-1=1.18, Isikhungo se-gravity offset coefficient K-2—=1.03, i-coefficient yokucindezela komoya K-3=1.02, zama ukuthola i-tonnage ye-iseli lokulayisha.
Isixazululo: Bala ifomula ngokuya nge-iseli lokulayisha ububanzi:
C=K-0K-1K-2K-3(Wmax+W)/N
Kuyaziwa ukuthi:
C=1.25×1.18×1.03×1.02×(30+1.9)/4
=12.36t
Ngakho-ke,iseli lokulayisha ngobubanzi obungu-15t ungakhethwa (i-tonnage ye-iseli lokulayisha ngokuvamile kuba yi-10T, 15T, 20t, 25t, 30t, 40t, 50t, njll., ngaphandle kokuthi i-odwe ngokukhethekile).
Ngokusho kokuhlangenwe nakho,iseli lokulayisha ngokuvamile kufanele isebenze ngaphakathi kuka-30% kuya ku-70% wobubanzi bayo, kodwa kwezinye izinsimbi zokulinganisa ezinamandla amakhulu okushaya ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, njengezikali zesitimela ezishintshashintshayo, izikali zamaloli ezishintshashintshayo, izikali zensimbi, njll., lapho kukhethwaiseli lokulayishas, Ngokuvamile, kuyadingeka ukwandisa ububanzi bayo, ukuzeiseli lokulayisha isebenza ngaphakathi kuka-20% kuya ku-30% webanga layo, ukuze isitoreji sesisindo seiseli lokulayisha kukhuliswa ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuphila kwe-iseli lokulayisha.
Futhi, cabanga ngokusebenza kohlobo ngalunye lwe-iseli lokulayisha.
Ukukhethwa kweiseli lokulayisha uhlobo luncike kakhulu ohlotsheni lokulinganisa kanye nendawo yokufaka ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa okufanele kanye nokulinganisa okuphephile nokuthembekile; ngakolunye uhlangothi, izincomo zomenzi kufanele zicatshangelwe. Abakhiqizi ngokuvamile bachaza ububanzi bokusetshenziswa kweiseli lokulayisha ngokwamandla e-iseli lokulayisha, izinkomba zokusebenza, ifomu lokufakwa, uhlobo lwesakhiwo, kanye nezinto ze-elastomer. Isibonelo, umsebe we-aluminium cantileveriseli lokulayishaama-s afanelekela izikali zamanani, izikali zepulatifomu, izikali zekesi, njll.; insimbi ye-Cantilever beamiseli lokulayishaama-s afanelekela izikali ze-hopper, izikali zebhande le-elekthronikhi, izikali zokuhlunga, njll.; ibhuloho lensimbiiseli lokulayishaama-s afanelekela izikali zesitimela, izikali zamaloli, izikali ze-crane, njll.; ikholomuiseli lokulayishaAma-s afanelekela izikali zamaloli, izikali zesitimela ezishintshashintshayo, kanye nezikali ze-hopper ezinkulu. Linda.
Ekugcineni, kukhona ukukhethaiseli lokulayisha ikilasi lokunemba.
Izinga lokunemba kwe-iseli lokulayisha kufaka phakathi izinkomba zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-iseli lokulayishaukungalungi, ukuklebhuka, ukululama kokuklebhuka, i-hysteresis, ukuphindeka, kanye nokuzwela. Uma ukhethaiseli lokulayishas, ungamane nje uphishekele izinga eliphezuluiseli lokulayishas, kodwa cabanga ngokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba zezikali ze-elekthronikhi kanye nezindleko zazo.
Ukukhethwa kweiseli lokulayisha ikilasi kumele lihlangabezane nemibandela emibili elandelayo:
1. Ihlangabezana nezidingo zokufakwa kwethuluzi. Ithuluzi lokubonisa isisindo libonisa umphumela wokulinganisa ngemva kokucubungula isignali yokukhipha yeiseli lokulayisha ngokukhulisa kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-A/D. Ngakho-ke, isignali yokuphuma kwe-iseli lokulayisha kumele kube kukhulu noma kulingane nosayizi wesiginali yokufaka edingekayo yimitha, okungukuthi, ukuzwela kokukhipha kwe-iseli lokulayisha kuthathelwa indawo ifomula yokufanisa yeiseli lokulayisha kanye nemitha, futhi umphumela wokubala kumele ube mkhulu noma ulingane nokuzwela kokufaka okudingekayo yimitha.
Ifomula yokufanisaiseli lokulayisha kanye nemitha:
Liseli le-oad ukuzwela kokukhipha * i-voltage yokunikezwa kwamandla okuvusa inkanuko * isisindo esiphezulu sesikali
Inani lezigaba zesikali * inani leiseli lokulayishas * ububanzi be-iseli lokulayisha
Isibonelo: isikali sokupakisha esinobuningi esisisindo esingama-25kg, inani eliphezulu lokuhlukanisa lingu-1000. Tumzimba wesikali wamukela uhlobo lwe-3 L-BE-25iseli lokulayishas, ububanzi bungama-25kg, ukuzwela kungu-2.0±0.008mV/V, ingcindezi ye-voltage ye-arch bridge ingu-12V. TIsikali sisebenzisa imitha engu-AD4325. Buza ukuthi ngabeiseli lokulayisha esetshenzisiwe ingalingana nemitha.
Isixazululo: Ngemva kokubonisana, ukuzwela kokufaka kwemitha ye-AD4325 kungu-0.6μV/d, ngakho-ke ngokwefomula efanayo yeiseli lokulayisha kanye nemitha, isignali yangempela yokufaka yemitha ingatholakala kanje:
2×12×25/1000×3×25=8μV/d>0.6μv/d
Ngakho-ke,iseli lokulayisha okusetshenzisiwe kuhlangabezana nezidingo zokuzwela kokufakwayo kwethuluzi futhi kungafanelana nethuluzi elikhethiwe.
2. Ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba zesilinganiso sonke se-elekthronikhi. Isikali se-elekthronikhi sakhiwe kakhulu izingxenye ezintathu: umzimba wesikali,iseli lokulayisha kanye nethuluzi. Uma ukhetha ukunemba kwe-iseli lokulayisha, ukunemba kweiseli lokulayisha kufanele ibe phezulu kancane kunenani lokubala elingokwethiyori, ngoba ithiyori ivame ukulinganiselwa yizimo eziqondile, njengezikali. Amandla omzimba abi kakhulu kancane, ukusebenza kwethuluzi akukuhle kakhulu, indawo yokusebenza yesikali imbi kakhulu kanye nezinye izici ngqokuthinta izidingo zokunembakwesikali.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-11-2022